According to Caldwell (1999):
"Pluralism in art refers to the nature of artforms and artists as diverse. The cutural context of art is all encompassing in its respect for the art of the world's cutures. Inclusion of individuals of differing ethnicities, genders, ideologies, abilities, ages, religions, economic status and educational levels is valued. Pluralism honours differences within and between equitable groups while seeing their commonalities. (para 1)."
Cadwell, B. (1999) Cultural context. retrieved 16 Oct, 2003 from http://www.public.iastate.edul~design/ART/NAB/PluART
2. How would you describe New Zealand's current dominant culture?
I think New Zealand is a multicultural country, it has a long history of immigration, there have been a number of 'waves' or groups of immigrations since Aotearoa was discovered and settled by the Maori. Now New Zealand includes several different cultures, like " Maori, Niuean, Chinese, Indian, Jewish, Muslim and Christian". (Sue and Emma 2002, P.57).
3. Before 1840, what was New Zealand's dominant culture?
New Zealand was one of the last corners of the planet to be inhabited by people, around 950AD the Maori arrived from Polynesia. During the 1830s there was a small number of Europeans living in here, but Moari still was the main controller until the Treaty be signed.
4. How does the Treaty of Waitangi relate to us all as artists and designers working
in New Zealand?
New Zealand is an isolate country in the South-Western Pacific Ocean, so it developed a distinctive art atmosphere, individual mythology, recitative, sports etc, all of these give more opportunities to artists and designers who are working in New Zealand to combine Maori and Weatern techniques to creat fabulous works.
5. How can globalization be seen as having a negative effect on regional diversity in New Zealand in particular?
According to web ( http://searchcio.techtarget.com/): " Globalization is the tendency of business, technologies or philosophies to spread throughout the world, or the process of making this happen". To New Zealand this kind of isolate country, globalization can cause some outbreak out of control, like terrorists attack, local culture extinct, western monopoly power invate, especially disease can destroy natural environment.
New Zealand natural environment
6. Shane Cotton's paintings are said to examine the cultural landscape. Research Cotton's work 'Welcome'(2004) and 'Forked Tongue' (2011) to analyze what he is saying about colonialization and the Treaty of Waitangi
At the heart of Share Cotton's art is something of the ambivalence about the land and curual landscape, his ambivalence about concepts of landownership and the nation of two curtures living in one land. According to the National Review (2011): " in Shane Cotton's painting always can conveyed in a literal way with many images and symbols making it possible to read a simple narrative with Maori and Pakeha cultures ". In both 'Welcome' and 'Forked Tongue' can easily find Maori designs and an elaboration on the link between Maori and this country. Also have symbols show the western countries try to colonialize New Zealand, thereby, he want to appeal the potential problems of Treaty of Waitangi.
7. Tony Albert's installation 'Sorry' (2008) reflect the effects of colonization on the aboriginal people of Australia. Research the work and comment on what Albert is communicating through his work, and what he is referring to. Describe the materials that Albert uses on this installation and say what he hopes his work can achieve. Define the term 'kitsch'.
Albert is an Australia artist who has made something of a name for himself during the post few years by recontextualising the bric-a-brac he has collected since he was a boy living in Cardwell in north Queensland. 'Sorry' is a work made up of big letters spelling out the word, with each letter covered in what he calls Aboriginalia: stereotyped and kitsch portraits of Aborigines from a time it was considered quaint to beat into copper an image of a man standing on one leg with a boomerang or to paint an idealised bare-bosomed maiden on to black velvet.
He said in his 'Sorry' all the images of Aboriginal people are who around him, he built his own way to show the respect and Aboriginal people have been offered many broken promises, Albert and his army of kitsch faces have taken this apology on face value until real change is observed.
exotic OTHER, 2009 Tony Albert Australia Vintage ephemera and vinyl
'Kitsch' is a form of art that is considered an inferior, tasteless copy of an extant style of art or a worthless imitation of art of recognized value. Also kitsch refers to the types of art that are aesthetically deficient and that make creative gestures which merely imitate the superficial appearances of art through conventions and formulae.
8. Explain how the work of both artists relates to pluralism.
Shane Cotton's paiting and Tony Albert's installation all used local individual images, religions and the background history, Maori and Aboriginal, both exist in isolated island and keep their unique techniques but colonised by western culture. Two artists stand on the observe side appeal equality and matural benefits.
references
http://www.nbr.co.nz/
www.buzzle.com/articles/negative-effects-of-globalization
www.crystalinks.com/maori.html/
http://searchcio.techtarget.com/definition/globalization
www.inna.co.nz/about/history.html
Sue, M. and Emma, B. (2002) Cuture and Change. Pearson Education New Zealand
http://www.theaustralian.com.au/
http://21cblog.com/tony-albert-story
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